The 's' and 'z' Sounds

If you want more information on the photos in this video, which have parts of the mouth drawn in, see this video on the parts of the mouth.

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Video Text:

The S and Z consonant sounds. These sounds are paired together because they take the same mouth position. The S sound is unvoiced, ss, which means you only pass air through your mouth. The Z sound is voiced, which means you make a noise with your vocal cords. The position, you can see the teeth come almost together. The tip of the tongue is resting behind the bottom front teeth, but further back the tongue raises, so that further back the sides of the tongue are actually touching the roof of the mouth. In the middle is the passage where the air comes through. Ss, zz.

Here is the S and Z consonant sound shape on the right compared with the mouth at rest. And with parts of the mouth drawn in. The soft palate is raised for these sounds. But more importantly, note the tongue position. It stretches forward and up. The important point of contact is where the tongue touches the bottom teeth. The sides of the tongue are raised, pressing against the sides of the roof of the mouth. The teeth are closed but the lips are parted. Sample words: sip/zip, see/zebra, bus/buzz. Sample sentence: Because it's sunny and he's fair-skinned, he has to wear sunscreen. Now you will see this sentence up close and in slow motion, both straight on and from an angle, so you can really study how this sound is made.

Lips press lightly together for the B sound. Because, with the 'uh' as in 'butter' sound []. Teeth come together to make the Z, and you can see the tongue there right behind them. It's, the S sound, with the teeth together and the tongue right behind. Sunny, 'uh' as in 'butter', tongue goes up to make the N. And, jaw drops for the 'aa' as in 'bat' [], tongue up for the N and D. He's fair-skinned, bottom lip up for the F, fair-skinned, teeth together for the S with the tongue just behind. Jaw drops a bit for the 'ih' as in 'sit' []. Tongue up to the roof of the mouth for the ND sound. He has. Now here, has would normally be pronounced with a Z, but because it's followed by an unvoiced consonant, the T, it is pronounced as an S. He has to wear. Lips form the W shape. Sunscreen. Teeth together for the S, sunscreen. And again for the S in -screen. Lips form the R [] position, 'ee' as in 'she' [], and tongue tip up to make the N.

Lips press together for the B in because, teeth come together to make the Z sound with the teeth just behind. It's. TS sound. Sunny, the S sound, teeth closed. 'Uh' as in 'butter', teeth up for the N. And, jaw drops for the 'aa' as in 'bat', tongue up for the ND. He's, teeth together to make the Z sound, bottom lip up for the F, fair-skinned. Teeth together for the S, 'ih' as in 'sit' sound, tongue up for the N. He, he has to, jaw drops for the 'aa' as in 'bat', normally pronounced as a Z here it is pronounced as an S because it is connected to the T, hast, has to wear. Teeth together for the S, sun-, and again for the S, -screen. Lips form the R consonant shape. The 'ee' as in 'she' and the tongue tip up for the N.

International Phonetic Alphabet symbols: [], []

For more detail see Wikipedia's page on these partnered sounds (voiced and unvoiced).

Miss the old sound video? See it here.

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